vscode配置python调试(debug)

vscode作为宇宙级编辑器，已经越来越多人开始使用它。而它的扩展也琳琅满目，在这里我们介绍下vscode下如何进行python开发和调试。

1. 首先，我们需要安装python扩展，打开编辑器，输入ctrl+p,然后输入命令ext install打开扩展搜索。

2. 在扩展里面搜素python扩展，然后安装。

3. 创建一个文件夹，然后使用vscode打开这个文件夹

4. 创建一个文件，然后命名为index.py。

5. 配置调试文件，创建launch.json文件。文件内容如下:

{
    // 使用 IntelliSense 了解相关属性。 
    // 悬停以查看现有属性的描述。
    // 欲了解更多信息，请访问: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
     {
      "name": "Python",
      "type": "python",
      "request": "launch",
      "stopOnEntry": false,//是否在第一条语句时程序停止，下面的这个选项都一样
      "pythonPath": "D:\\Program Files (x86)\\Python37-32\\python.exe",//可执行文件路径
      "program": "${file}",
      "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
      "env": {},
      "envFile": "${workspaceRoot}/.env",
      "debugOptions": [
       "WaitOnAbnormalExit",
       "WaitOnNormalExit",
       "RedirectOutput"
      ]
     },
     {
      "name": "PySpark",
      "type": "python",
      "request": "launch",
      "stopOnEntry": true,
      "osx": {
       "pythonPath": "${env:SPARK_HOME}/bin/spark-submit"
      },
      "windows": {
       "pythonPath": "${env:SPARK_HOME}/bin/spark-submit.cmd"
      },
      "linux": {
       "pythonPath": "${env:SPARK_HOME}/bin/spark-submit"
      },
      "program": "${file}",
      "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
      "env": {},
      "envFile": "${workspaceRoot}/.env",
      "debugOptions": [
       "WaitOnAbnormalExit",
       "WaitOnNormalExit",
       "RedirectOutput"
      ]
     },
     {
      "name": "Python Module",
      "type": "python",
      "request": "launch",
      "stopOnEntry": false,
      "pythonPath": "${config:python.pythonPath}",
      "module": "module.name",
      "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
      "env": {},
      "envFile": "${workspaceRoot}/.env",
      "debugOptions": [
       "WaitOnAbnormalExit",
       "WaitOnNormalExit",
       "RedirectOutput"
      ]
     },
     {
      "name": "Integrated Terminal/Console",
      "type": "python",
      "request": "launch",
      "stopOnEntry": false,
      "pythonPath": "${config:python.pythonPath}",
      "program": "${file}",
      "cwd": "",
      "console": "integratedTerminal",
      "env": {},
      "envFile": "${workspaceRoot}/.env",
      "debugOptions": [
       "WaitOnAbnormalExit",
       "WaitOnNormalExit"
      ]
     },
     {
      "name": "External Terminal/Console",
      "type": "python",
      "request": "launch",
      "stopOnEntry": false,
      "pythonPath": "${config:python.pythonPath}",
      "program": "${file}",
      "cwd": "",
      "console": "externalTerminal",
      "env": {},
      "envFile": "${workspaceRoot}/.env",
      "debugOptions": [
       "WaitOnAbnormalExit",
       "WaitOnNormalExit"
      ]
     },
     {
      "name": "Django",
      "type": "python",
      "request": "launch",
      "stopOnEntry": false,
      "pythonPath": "${config:python.pythonPath}",
      "program": "${workspaceRoot}/manage.py",
      "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
      "args": [
       "runserver",
       "--noreload",
       "--nothreading"
      ],
      "env": {},
      "envFile": "${workspaceRoot}/.env",
      "debugOptions": [
       "WaitOnAbnormalExit",
       "WaitOnNormalExit",
       "RedirectOutput",
       "DjangoDebugging"
      ]
     },
     {
      "name": "Flask",
      "type": "python",
      "request": "launch",
      "stopOnEntry": false,
      "pythonPath": "${config:python.pythonPath}",
      "program": "fully qualified path fo 'flask' executable. Generally located along with python interpreter",
      "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
      "env": {
       "FLASK_APP": "${workspaceRoot}/quickstart/app.py"
      },
      "args": [
       "run",
       "--no-debugger",
       "--no-reload"
      ],
      "envFile": "${workspaceRoot}/.env",
      "debugOptions": [
       "WaitOnAbnormalExit",
       "WaitOnNormalExit",
       "RedirectOutput"
      ]
     },
     {
      "name": "Flask (old)",
      "type": "python",
      "request": "launch",
      "stopOnEntry": false,
      "pythonPath": "${config:python.pythonPath}",
      "program": "${workspaceRoot}/run.py",
      "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
      "args": [],
      "env": {},
      "envFile": "${workspaceRoot}/.env",
      "debugOptions": [
       "WaitOnAbnormalExit",
       "WaitOnNormalExit",
       "RedirectOutput"
      ]
     },
     {
      "name": "Pyramid",
      "type": "python",
      "request": "launch",
      "stopOnEntry": true,
      "pythonPath": "${config:python.pythonPath}",
      "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
      "env": {},
      "envFile": "${workspaceRoot}/.env",
      "args": [
       "${workspaceRoot}/development.ini"
      ],
      "debugOptions": [
       "WaitOnAbnormalExit",
       "WaitOnNormalExit",
       "RedirectOutput",
       "Pyramid"
      ]
     },
     {
      "name": "Watson",
      "type": "python",
      "request": "launch",
      "stopOnEntry": true,
      "pythonPath": "${config:python.pythonPath}",
      "program": "${workspaceRoot}/console.py",
      "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
      "args": [
       "dev",
       "runserver",
       "--noreload=True"
      ],
      "env": {},
      "envFile": "${workspaceRoot}/.env",
      "debugOptions": [
       "WaitOnAbnormalExit",
       "WaitOnNormalExit",
       "RedirectOutput"
      ]
     },
     {
      "name": "Attach (Remote Debug)",
      "type": "python",
      "request": "attach",
      "localRoot": "${workspaceRoot}",
      "remoteRoot": "${workspaceRoot}",
      "port": 3000,
      "secret": "my_secret",
      "host": "localhost"
     }
    ]
   }

6.配置任务文件tasks.json.内容如下：

{
    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
     {
      "taskName": "echo",
      "type": "shell",
      "command": "D:\\Program Files (x86)\\Python37-32\\python.exe",//Python可执行文件路径
      "args": ["${file}"]
     }
    ]
   }

7.设置断点，启动调试

经过上面的步骤，我们就可以变量框中看到本地变量，还可添加监视变量。

launch.json是调试的核心，各个语言都需要这个文件来进行调试，实际上是通过这个文件来调用语言自带的调试工具来调试。